CHRONOLOGY OF MINNESOTA AND NATIONAL EVENTS ACCORDING TO DD NEWSLETTERS
October 1981 DD Council join forces with Toni Lippert, Metropolitan Developmental Disabilities Task Force of the Metropolitan Council, to publish a monthly newsletter called, Information Exchange, with two sections--Metro and State.
Toni Lippert celebrated Tenth Anniversary at Metro Health Board/Metro Council.
Alternative Community Living Arrangements:
Respite projects--DSO, St. David's, Alternatives for Autistic People; Turnover study in the year indicates there is no turnover;
Training Needs Assessment study;
Exploring Foster Programs.
Planning Residential Services for People Who Are Developmentally Disabled and not Mentally Retarded;
Published map of where services are located.
Postage stamps were 18 cents.
Pilot Project: Minnesota Housing Finance: Low interest loans for accessibility,
TCSAC moved to 1729 Carroll Avenue.
DAC program reduction alert! Call Council with information; DAC survey is underway.
Council hosted "One to One Fundraising" Conference on October 9 and 10, 1981.
TASH: Minnesota Inaugural Conference on October 30 and 31, 1981.
P.L. 97-35: Extends DD Act.
Council releases first three Policy Analysis Series papers. State Planning Agency becomes Department of Energy, Planning, and Development on October 1, 1981.
November 1981 Metropolitan Council begins resource library.
Candles and bows are available from DACS. 1
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November 1981 Minnesota Association of Private Residential (Continued)
Facilities for Mental Retardation sponsors conference on staff burnout.
DD Council publishes Policy Analysis Series Papers No. 4 and 5.
Advocacy definition published.
Training needs assessment is underway.
Region 10 Regional Development Commission (RDC) dissolved on November 20, 1981.
December 1981 Minnesota League of Disabled Voters formed.
Twenty states file amicus briefs in Romeo v. Youngberg to allow "custodial warehousing. " Weicker calls action "disgusting indifference. "
Minnesota Committee for the Handicapped forms Action Alert Team.
Cost of care legislation changes.
PACER publishes newsletter called PACER Advocate.
Mickey Rooney stars in biz/ on December 22, 1981.
January 1982 Ham McCubbin begins three-year study of family stress related to physical handicaps.
Burnout workshops held in January.
McKnight Foundation awards four-year $3.5 million comprehensive grant. Funds awarded to Legal Advocacy, DD Council, ARC, MARF, ARRM, MnDACA, and Court Monitor (grant reversed later).
One hundred percent completion rate of DAC survey.
Two Harbors Zoning Dispute goes to Supreme Court (Caromin House),
Social Security Administration begins cut- back--5OO,OOO cases. District Court Attorney Kittson County cutbacks.
February 1982 DD Council gives resource materials to all RDCS for lending libraries.
Tom Chapel replaces Joe Banda.
Metropolitan Council sponsors "How to Write Grant Proposals. "
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February 1982 Copeland and Iversen release computer aided policy/budgeting model for (Continued) deinstitutionalization.
NASMRPD publishes "Medicaid Home and Community Based Care Waiver" authority.
Three DHS TAP staff advertises technical assistance (Krantz, Kudla, and Nerd).
Dick Nelson replaces Bruce Balow as Chair of Council.
DD Council publishes Policy Analysis Series Papers No. 6 and 7 (DACS). March 1982
DD Council publishes Policy Analysis Series Papers No. 8 and 9 (DACS).
Metropolitan Council sponsors information forum on DACS. "By early spring new ICF-MR regulations should be completed. "
Jule Sugarman describes problems of block grants, "Effective coalitions of advocates for human services are rare. "
Luanna Meyer announced workshops for "Severely Handicapped Learners" feature Lou Brown on April 2 and 3, Marti Snell on April 16, and 17, and Barb Wilcox on May 7 and 8, 1982.
April 1982 Regional Service Center for Hearing Impaired opens.
Value Village Thrift store (Minneapolis ARC) opens.
Jean Elder appointed ADD Commissioner.
DD Council announces RFP for McKnight funds and Respite Care RFP.
First Officers of MNASH elected.
Control Data gives $20,000 grant to State Council on the Handicapped for I&R. May 1982
McKnight Systems Change grants awarded to ARRM, MnDACA, and ARC Minneapolis.
Services for Handicapped Children experiences state and federal cutbacks.
ARC Minnesota seeks Executive Director to replace Bob Tuttle.
DD Council announces GTS training contract. 3
July 1982 Policy Analysis Series Paper No. 10 (Behavior Problems).
Conference on Preventing Harm to Children with Disabilities planned for May 1983.
Minnesota Advisory Task Force on Epilepsy created in 1981.
Metropolitan Council sponsors needs assessment for residential programs.
Department of Public Welfare announces three RFPs through Division of Social Services:
o Continuum of living arrangements for disabled adults;
o Home-based social services for disabled adults; and
o Adult day programs for disabled adults.
Cost of Care issue resolved.
Handbook for Advisory Committees of group homes published.
PASS workshop held on July 14 through 16, 1982.
DD Council publishes (May 4 and 5, 1982) testimony from (29 agencies) DD Council public forum "the community-based service system is a system under threat--a system fragmented, hampered by contradictory policy and uncertain leadership and eroding because of unstable funding. "
We need to:
Broaden the base of support;
Gain financial stability and incentives;
"Sell"' cost-effectiveness and least restrictive environment;
work in prevention; and
Consider other methods of delivering services.
August 1982 DD Council releases DAC Accessibility RFP.
ARC--United States conducts national respite care study.
Seventeen projects funded by McKnight DD Council grants.
Congressional office of Technology Assessment report, "technology's great potential for aiding disabled people has not been fulfilled."
MORC begins monitoring group homes using parents. 4
September 1982 Fall conference set by MNASH, AAMD, and MNABA.
American QMRP Association certifies first group.
CADRE (Citizen Advocate Development Recruitment and Evaluation Program) for criminal justice issues and disabilities.
Policy Analysis Paper No. 11, property values study, completed.
Special meetings held to oppose proposed special education rules which would significantly weaken P.L. 94-142.
October 1982 Metropolitan DD Work Program: .
Develop strategies to cope with reduced government assistance; and Maintain service capacity to meet needs by securing alternative resources, ensuring accessibility to quality services, and helping counties improve administration of services.
DPW releases Status of Six-Year Plan and identities most important problems:
Fund DACS: "the most vexing problem"
Expand SILS: "the only viable cost-effective alternative to ICFS-MR. "
Normalization has been misunderstood for too long, according to Burt Perrin in a new article.
DD regulations to be published soon.
November 1982 Leading Edge Awards given by MNASH and DD Council:
ABC: community employment;
Dakota's: pyramid skills;
Nekton: in-home services; and
SPRC: preschool evaluations.
1980 Census Data released: 180,577 (ages 16 through 64 years) are work disabled and 49% are not in the labor force.
December 1982 Regional developmental disabilities training program begins.
E. Clarke Ross presents policy paper, "the instability of federal programs with a policy vacuum has created an environment which seriously questions whether a continuum of care is likely in the decade of the 1980s. "
DPW issues needs assessment and estimates 213 to 640 people who are deaf and blind. 5
January 1983 McKnight grant program changes--Minneapolis ARC withdraws and MARF is substituted.
University of Minnesota publishes data from 1982 Census which shows dramatic increase in community services.
DD Council releases Developmental Disabilities area Public Policy: A Review for Policymakers. The new approach should be a consumer driven system so that rather than fitting the person into the services available (a provider-driven system), a flexible array of services should be designed to meet the identified needs of the person with a disability. Also discussed was decentralization, disincentives, prevention, and double finding of systems.
Policy Analysis Series Papers No. 12 and 13-- nonformal and formal state training needs papers published.
McKnight announces Mental Health Initiative, Closing the Gap begins publication.
February 1983 Volunteers sought to personally deliver Developmental Disabilities and Public Policy.
Supreme Court rules that county boards do not have authority to reduce funds for DACS.
JTPA replaced CETA.
Katie Beckett waiver procedures are finalized.
Metro DD Council sponsors workshop, "The Art of Getting Proposals Funded. "
DD Council issues RFP for Regional Problem Solving grant.
Policy Analyis Series Paper No. 15--Cost function analysis of Minnesota ICFS-MR.
Judge Earl Larson orders restoration of Social Security benefits.
March 1983 Private sector workshop and Title XIX services sponsored by Metro DD Council.
Community Health Education Network established.
Consortium Institute sponsors two workshops-- Lou Brown and Ann Turnbull.
Legislative Audit Commission releases critical report of ICFS-MR.
Policy Analysis Series Paper No. 17--DAC survey results published. 6
April 1983 Metro DD Council sponsors "Capacity Building" series--IPP, medical issues, communication disorders, elderly mentally retarded people. "
Policy Analysis Series Papers No. 14--state training needs of personnel (312 direct care staff).
Closing the Gap--first national conference held on September 12-14, 1983, announced.
Policy Analysis Series Paper No. 16--sheltered workshops paper.
Gene Deterling, first ADD Volunteer of the Year from Minnesota.
May 1983 Policy Analysis Series Paper No. 18--Family Subsidy evaluation is published.
State hospital advocates will report to DPW, not CEOS
Human Rights Act is amended to incorporate 504.
DD Council releases data showing more restrictive placements. In 1981, 2,011 students in segregated schools and 1982, there were 4,129 students.
In Touch begins to help individuals who are deaf and blind.
June 1983 Metro DD Council releases report stating personnel turnover is not a problem. Turnover was 27.2% in 1982.
Metro DD Council publishes a grantsmanship resource kit.
Targeted Jobs Tax Credit program is extended.
Court Monitor report shows number of residents leaving state hospitals has slowed.
July 1983 Metro DD Council sponsored an information forum on Title XIX waiver.
Metro DD Council releases paper entitled Fiscal Disincentives in the Service System for DD People.
Major legislative changes:
o moratorium put into effect;
o screening;
o waiver; and
o Title XIX for DACS.
DREDF shows discrimination against females with disabilities in national survey. 7
August 1983 MNASH Conference speakers Luanna Meyer and Paul Wehman are keynote speakers.
Baby Doe rules are released.
Nine McKnight DD grants awarded.
"ICF-MR rules are to be released" by fall 1983.
Policy Analysis Series Papers No. 19--cost issues of ICF-MR paper published.
September 1983 Metro DD Council sponsors forum on elderly MR issues.
Governor's Office installs TDD.
October 1983 Metro DD Council establishes work plan-- capacity building workshops and public education. Provision of supported employment
and conferences--Pat Beebe, Lou Brown, Tom Bellamy, Luanna Voeltz, and Paul Wehman.
Policy Analysis Series Papers No. 20 and 21-- respite care papers.
DD Council announces RFPs for McKnight grants.
November 1983 Terry Kayser replaces Tom Chapel.
ARRM/McKnight videotape, "Alternatives" on waivered services released.
December 1983 Metro DD Council plans to place 30 people in supported employment.
Sharon Sayles and Al Oertwig are elected to local offices.
Community and Family Living Amendments proposed for the first time.
State Planning studied merger of DPW, MDH, and Economic Security.
Pennhurst study is released.
ARC Dakota County reviews five local libraries,
January 1984 Metro DD Council has several resource packets available on supported employment.
New commitment laws creates need for Citizen Advocacy Project to give parents information about less restrictive options. 8
January 1984 Reagan signs "Proclamation Regarding Decade of Disabled Persons" calling (Continued) for 25,000 people to be employed.
February 1984 Inspector General Report describes the transition problem: waiting lists, no adult system in place, Medicaid reinforces institutions.
Federal regional offices are consolidated from 10 to 5.
NICHCY is funded by US Department of Education.
March 1984 HIREABILITY Campaign launched by Governor Perpich.
Court Monitor report issued citing substantial problems--adequacy of individual plans, adequacy of monitoring, and community development.
Marvin Tritz--Outstanding Volunteer of the Year,
DD Council awards five problem solving grants.
April 1984 Metro DD Council clarifies developmental disabilities definition as those individuals with most severe disabilities.
Early intervention bill is introduced.
Toward a Developmental Disabilities Policy Agenda: Assuring Futures of Quality is published by DD Council. Sets out goals and objectives in seven areas: Prevention, Early Intervention, Family Support, Education, Day Programs, Residential Settings, and Technology.
CFLA forum (2/83) held in Minnesota with over 500 people attending.
May 1984 Legislative Auditor releases two reports: Evaluation of Sheltered Employment Programs and Evaluation of Special Education.
Braddock testified at the February 27
June 1984 Court Monitor search is underway.
Senate Finance Hearing regarding CFLA.
Citizen's League issued a major report on institutionalization of five different groups: elderly, mentally retarded, mentally ill, chemically dependent, and adolescents. "Minnesota makes more use of residential placements than most other states. "
July 1984 Motorized shopping carts available at Rainbow Foods. Legislature mandates DD Council to study State Hospitals. Pennhurst cost study completed. 9
August 1984 State Conference on Transition scheduled for November 1984.
University of Minnesota receives funds for feasibility study to develop UAP.
OSERS Supported Employment initiative included in President's budget.
September 1984 "Disabled but Able to Vote" campaign launched.
Metro DD Council reorganized--changes from task force to Council, Metro Health Board administration ends, community work training program continues.
Senate and DHHS Secretary Heckler announce "get tough" policy on ICF-MR services. Look- behind audits find substandard care.
DD Council awards nine McKnight problem solving grants.
October 1984 Cohen appointed Court Monitor.
November 1984 Metro DD Council placed 43 adults in employment setting.
DD Act signed into law--calls for outcomes of independence, productivity, and integration; employment is required priority.
Commissioners of Education, Health, and Human Services sign Early Intervention Agreement.
Tardive Dyskinesia training available.
December 1984 Metro DD Council announces new DD plan approach--goals, guidelines, and criteria.
January 1985 Metro DD Council sponsors innovative teaching courses.
Governor's Council on Families and Children issues report.
February 1985 Ed Skarnulis appointed Director of Mental Retardation Services. Lead article describes his views of "consumer movement, integration, quality, and serving people with the most severe disabilities. "
Section 1619 extended.
Walker & Associates issues report on bed reduction.
UAF established at University of Minnesota.
RFP for Supported Employment released.
Burton Blatt died. 10
March 1985 Metro DD sponsors Open Forum on April 9 featuring Ed Skarnulis.
Call for Papers--Looking Ahead to the Year 2000--Working Together.
State Planning submits report on State Hospitals to the Legislature. Includes eight policy papers and glossary summary. State Planning issues report on Schools for Deaf/Blind.
Joan Schoepke, ADD Volunteer of Year.
April 1985 Reagan's 1986 Budget seeks to cut, eliminate, or freeze funding affecting people with disabilities.
Guardianship task force is proposed.
Hepatitis B Fact Sheet distributed by ARC of the United States.
NIHR awards grant to Syracuse University for Community Integration.
May 1985 Niederloh named Assistant Commissioner of DVR.
NICHCY funded for three years.
Pennhurst study released.
On April 3, 1985, Senator Chafee introduced CFLA of 1985.
Weicker held hearings in April 1985 on 31 facilities in 12 states which "fail to maintain decent living conditions. "
DD Council schedules public meetings to begin next three-year plan.
June 1985 DD Newsletter goes all white!
Fashions for Special Needs publications described.
Twelve public hearings are scheduled to gather
Preadmission screening program report issued,
Massachusetts Turning 22 Law described.
July 1985 Metro DD Council has TDD telephone number. input for three-year plan. Niederloh interview on supported employment is included in newsletter. Jim House appointed to DVR. 11
July 1985 (Continued) Cohen issues report and calls for comprehensive planning approach.
HSRI publishes family report.
August 1985 Applications sought for Metro DD Council,
McKnight initiates human services awards for direct care staff.
DHS announces expanded programs for people who are deaf and blind.
Washington State issues family study.
September 1985 Metro awarded third year of Community Work Training Project (83 people placed in years 1 and 2).
Joint Conference described.
Office of Transition established, Barb Troolin appointed as staff.
DHS and DJT announce interagency agreement on chronic mental illness.
Health Department releases report on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome.
Council publishes McKnight summary.
DD Council to host NADDC, "From Values to Vision to Action. "
October 1985 Metro DD Council members announced.
DD work program includes employment regional policy plan, and other coordination activities.
Minnesota selected as one of ten states to receive OSERS Supported Employment grants. Newsletter cites letters of support.
November 1985 OSERS Advisory Committee seeks members. Medicaid waiver hearing held in Congress to discuss adjustments needed.
Consumers expressed ways to become empowered.
Canadian Association for the Mentally Retarded changes name to Canadian Association for Community Living (June 22, 1985).
ARRM changes name.
Annie's timing Out is highlighted. 12
December 1985 Metro DD Council describes evaluation report of CWTP.
Governor announces Team on Technology and People with Disabilities.
CSPA selects Minnesota to participate in Academy for Supported Employment.
January 1986 Bengt Nirje's poem on Normalization published.
Changes in Metro Mobility proposed.
ABLENET begins.
Gramm-Rudman is a reality-schedule is published for budget process. P.L. 94-142 is ten years old.
February 1986 Metro DD plans public forum on case management.
PACER begins new program on abuse of children with handicaps.
Weicker introduces Quality Services Act.
DD Council members appointed Case Management RFP is released.
March 1986 Terry Kayser and Marge Segell transfer within Metro Council.
ORC Rule draft available (January 16, 1986).
Legislative Audit Commission issues two reports on Deinstitutionalization of People Who Are Mentally Ill and Mentally Retarded.
HHS Medicaid report submitted to Congress.
SPA releases Mental Health Commission report, Mandate for Action.
April 1986 Metro DD Council plans vigorous communication campaign to publicize
Regional Policy Plan Volunteer Recognition week set by Perpich. Inez Erickson is ADD Volunteer of the Year.
Guardianship Task Force releases report.
Health Care Standards project begins.
State Council for the Handicapped sets public meetings.
May 1986 Metro DD accepts applications for advisory committee.
Distinguished Minnesotans honors David Gray, Bob Gumnit, and Florence Gray. 13
May 1986 (Continued) Rehabilitation Act reauthorized and includes supported employment,
Emma House announces grant program.
MNASH established Integration Imperative.
Governor signs proclamation for Early Special Education. DD Council releases information packet.
McKnight grants $15 million to nonmetro area.
June 1986 Metro DD announces federal highlights in newsletter.
Proposed ICF-MR regulations receive 12 pages of comments from CCDD.
Weicker introduces B-5 amendments to P.L. 94-142.
Minnesota DD Council selected as one of ten exemplary planning programs in human services.
Twenty-four hour hotline established for aversive and deprivation questions and concerns.
July 1986 Robbie Chalmers anecdotes about trip to Israel highlighted. Described his magic tricks in Greek customs.
"Owning Your Own Home" featured in newsletter.
DD Council seeks model program.
New Jersey releases State Plan on Prevention.
August 1986 Community Integration poem published.
Case management conference announced--John McKnight, Allan Bergman, keynote speakers.
Autism excluded from ICF-MR eligibility.
Case management grants are awarded.
Minnesota UAP granted full status.
September 1986 Poems on Ultimate Functioning and Partial Participation published.
Jean Elder named Acting Assistant Secretary of OHDS. Tom Bellamy appointed Director of OSEP.
Supported employment project faces challenge of systems change. 14
September 1986 (Continued) P&A for Mentally Ill signed by Reagan.
Technology report issued on Disability and Technology: Governor's Report on Technology for People with Disabilities.
October 1986 Metro DD begins fifteenth year.
Ultimate functioning poems published.
Case management work plan described.
Nebraska Center for Applied Urban Research releases reports on supported employment. Compares traditional approach with supported employment.
DHS issues report on Vulnerable Adults--2,006 reports received in 1985.
Rhode Island Governor announces closure of its institution.
NIMR publishes five-part Prevention series.
November 1986 Ultimate functioning poems described.
Rehabilitation Act passed includes supported employment.
September 19, 1986--Medicaid Reform hearing held. Weicker testified.
December 1986 Political workshop cosponsored with DD Council and State Council on Handicapped.
OSERS clarifies meaning of integration.
DRS announces new performance-based functioning rules.
CACL Year 2000 Plan highlighted.
January 1987 New agenda--Integration and Quality will be emphasized in 1987.
A New Way of Thinking is published and released.
National waiver evaluation released by La Jolla Management Corporation.
February 1987 Metro DD newsletter's "Integration and Quality" editorial features Syracuse statement in support of families.
OSERS clarifies least restrictive environment. Parent case management project described.
Court Monitor issues sixth report on problems with implementation. 15
March 1987 Metro DD newsletter's "Integration and Quality" features Syracuse University program description for people with challenging behaviors.
ICF-MR standards will not be published until August 1987.
DHS submits plan for mental retardation services: staff training, external monitoring,
ICF-MR recertification, waiver, nursing home, etc.
TASH position statement on Intrusive Intervention published.
April 1987 Metro DD newsletter's "Integration and Quality" section describes A New Way of thinking.
Legal Advocacy seeks volunteers to monitor quality.
Lovaas claims success with autism using structured behavioral approaches.
Radisson University Hotel receives national employment award.
Molly Maurer selected as ADD Volunteer of Year.
TASH position on Deinstitutionalization published.
May 1987 Metro DD newsletter's "Integration and Quality" section discusses services, not facilities.
Welsch negotiated settlement reached on April 14, 1987.
Gillette DD Program ends.
Lou Harris poll on employers released.
June 1987 Metro DD newsletter's "Integration and Quality" section features CSAAC.
Personal assistance services is reaching a crisis in the United States according to World Institute on Disability.
TASH position on continuum is published.
PCMR releases State Guide on Prevention.
Department of Education publishes Transition report.
July 1987 Metro DD newsletter's "Integration and Quality" features Bob Laux--New Housing Options. 16
July 1987 (Continued) Legislature creates Task Force on Supported Employment.
Harkin replaces Weicker as chair of Subcommittee on Handicapped.
Medicaid is a disincentive for supported employment according to Syracuse University report.
TASH position on Extended School Year published.
September 1987 Metro DD newsletter's "Integration and Quality" section features Chafee bill highlights.
Case management conference scheduled.
Homecoming model described A Story That I Heard described; friendship study from Western Massachusetts described.
TASH statement on Related Services published. and a
October 1987 Metro DD newsletter's "Integration and Quality" section features Bergman on Family Support.
Skinner speaks out against aversive treatments.
Oklahoma court issues Hissom case. Council moves to Centennial Office Building.
Summary of MR Advisory Committee published.
November 1987 DD Advisory Committee announced.
Chafee press conference described.
Rosemount decision announced.
Partners in Policymaking described.
December 1987 Federal and state laws are recounted for Decade of Disabled.
DD Act Amendments discussed.
McKnight describes true "community."
January 1988 Metro DD newsletter's "Realizing the Vision" section begins with Test Your School's IQ: Integration Quotient.
PCMR Conference on Integration scheduled for February 1988. 17
January 1988 (Continued) Lovett discussed behavioral principles based on respect and dignity.
Toni Lippert's retirement article.
Schattman's Vermont School Model described.
March 1988 Toni Lippert issues a personal message, and introduces Kay Zwernik, Toni's replacement at the Metro Council.
ARC of Illinois initiated a class action suit on March 23 on behalf of individuals all persons with developmental disabilities living in nursing homes.
Oregon study describes Fairview Training " Center placements--''they are living richer lives.
A New Way of Thinking videotape released.
Metro Council publishes, The Case Management Team: Building Community Connections, and produces an accompanying videotape and audiotape.
Americans with Disabilities Act was introduced in Congress.
ABC, NBC, and CBS introduce captioned news for persons with hearing impairments.
Twin Cities Society for Children and Adults with Autism produced a video- based instructional package, Understanding People with Autism, funded in part by the DD Council.
Policy Analysis Paper No. 24: Case Management Study/Executive Summary, highlights results of study conducted by the Minnesota University Affiliated Program: need for training and barriers to effective services, such as high caseloads, too much paperwork, staff turnover and shortages, and insufficient funds.
TASH produces videotape on integrated education: Regular Lives,
May 1988 On May 10, 1988, President Reagan signed an Executive Order that changed the name of the President's Committee on Employment of the Handicapped to the President's Committee on Employment of People with Disabilities.
ARC Minnesota publishes guidebook and an accompanying videotape: Partnership for Quality Services, use of volunteer monitors and quality of life indicators, under a grant from the DD Council.
DD Council announces plan to prepare for the 1990 Report: 1) sample survey of consumers to measure satisfaction; and 2) schedule public forums.
June 1988 David Braddock, University of Illinois at Chicago, published a second edition of Public expenditures for Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities in the United States (1977-1986). In 1986, there were 100,431 residents of state institutions, with states spending about equally on institutional care as on community programs--about $4.647 billion on state operated facilities and $4.422 billion on community residential programs.
On June 23, 1988, Senator Tom Harkin (Iowa), Chair of the Subcommittee on the Handicapped, introduced S. 2561, the Technology-Related Assistance for Individuals with Disabilities Act of 1988. Legal Advocacy for Persons with DD published: An Advocate's Guide to Case Management Services in Minnesota.
The University of Minnesota announced the establishment of a Rehabilitation Research and Training Center (RRTC), in collaboration with Syracuse University and the University of Illinois-Chicago, funded by National Institute on Disabilities and Rehabilitation Research (NIDRR).
Tools for Life: How Technology Helps People with Disabilities, videotape, was produced by the DD Council with finding from the McKnight Foundation.
DD Public Forums scheduled in July throughout the state.
July 1988 With preschool services being discontinued by the DACS, many families found their local school districts not ready to provide early intervention services.
Harris Poll documents higher political interest/public affairs among Americans with disabilities, but with a lower voting turnout.
Minnesota ranked tenth from the bottom among states with regard to integrated classrooms, according to study by L.C. Danielson and T. Bellamy (OSEP). Over 6 percent of all school children with disabilities were in classrooms located in separate buildings.
Carolyn Doppelt Gray was appointed Commissioner of ADD, following the death of Commissioner Lucy Biggs.
Robert Bruininks was elected First Vice President and President-Elect of AAMR.
Clarence Sundram's presentation in Minnesota was produced on videotape: Can We Prevent Abuse and Neglect in Human Services?
August 1988 On August 19, 1988, President Ronald Reagan signed the Technology Related Assistance for Individuals with Disabilities Act. 19
August 1988 (Continued) Under contract with the Minnesota Governor's Planning Council on Developmental Disabilities the Developmental Disabilities Program of the Metropolitan Council completed the videotape on Personal Futures Planning, called: It's Never Too Early, It's Never Too Late, by Beth Mount and Kay Zwernik.
ARC-US published the first of a series of Fact sheets regarding: HIB Disease, Fragile X Syndrome, and Employment.
The National Citizen's Alliance on Disability Issues, Inc. is created.
The Minnesota University Affiliated Program was approved for three additional years of funding, and a sequence of interdisciplinary courses on developmental disabilities (offering a certificate in developmental disabilities) was announced.
TASH and Syracuse University produced Regular Lives, a documentary videotape on inclusion in public education, which was aired on PBS in
September 1988. September 1988 The Minnesota Department of Human Services issued "Regional Treatment Center Negotiations Proposal, " which stated, "All persons with mental retardation or related conditions can be served in the community. " (RTE population with mental retardation and related conditions was 1,494).
Office of the Court Monitor issues A Survey of Family Satisfaction with Regional Treatment Centers and Community Services to Persons with Mental Retardation in Minnesota: Welsch v. Gardebring Class Members, conducted by Feinstein, Lemanowicz, and Conroy. "On the average, family satisfaction with the services provided to their relatives increased after the person moved from a regional treatment center to the community" and they were able to visit them more often.
Congress passed the Fair Housing Act (P.L. 100-430) which required incorporation of accessibility standards into all new multifamily housing units.
The Adult Services Committee of MNASH proposed a resolution on Making Choices, which affirmed the right of persons with severe disabilities to express freedom of choice, supported research on methods that empower people to make choices in typical settings, and affirmed the expectation that people will be taught to make choices through exposure, awareness, interactive experience and mastery.
ARC-US publishes prevention curriculum on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome.
The Minnesota Governor's Planning Council on Developmental Disabilities released its Publications brochure and videotapes, interview(s) with: Betty Hubbard, Pat Juhrs, Herb Lovett, and Toni Lippert. 20
October 1988 The Minnesota Department of Employee Relations implemented the Supported Work Program, opening 50 positions for persons with severe disabilities. (M.S. 43 A.421, 1987).
The national average daily population of people with developmental disabilities in public residential facilities declined below 100,000 for the first time in many decades (R. Scheerenberger, Public Residential Services for the Mentally Retarded, FY 1986-87).
Congress established the National Institute for the Deaf in Public Health Service Act. The Minnesota UAP and the Department launched a cooperative project to address the needs of children and adults who are blind and deaf.
November 1988 Stuart Schleien and Tip Ray published Community Recreation and Persons with Disabilities: Strategies for Integration, via Paul H. Brookes Publishing Company.
The National Association of State Mental Retardation Program Directors, published Nursing Home Reform: Implications for Services to Persons with Developmental Disabilities, with specific ways to implement the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1987 (P.L. 100-203).
Roger Williams, State Planning Agency, provided the first workshop on use of mediation in resolving disputes in educational settings.
December 1988 Congress decreed nationwide uniformity in use of handicapped symbols. Congress passed legislation (P.L. 100-509) that would extend and improve protection and advocacy programs for people with mental illness residing in public institutions.
The national Association for Persons in Supported Employment (APSE) was formed. T
ASH resolved/affirmed the right of expression and choice by all persons with severe disabilities.
The Minnesota UAP, under contract with the Department of Education, began the design of a follow-up system to find out what happens to students after they leave school.
January 1989 "The National Conference on Self-Determination by Persons with Disabilities" was held in Crystal City, Virginia, on January 9-10, 1989. The conference was sponsored by the U.S. Department of Education, Office of Special Education and Rehabilitation Services, in conjunction with the Research and Training Center on Community Living of the University of Minnesota and the Minnesota Governor's Planning Council on Developmental Disabilities. 21
January 1989 (Continued) The DD Program of the Metropolitan Council, under a case management grant from the Minnesota Governor's Planning Council, initiated the Fellowship program to train people in Personal Futures Planning, facilitated by Beth Mount. Also, the publication It's Never Too Early, It's Never Too Late was published.
Parents, as reported by Dohn Hoyle, in Michigan coin the term "Supported Education. "
Home magazine described the concept of Universal Design.
Robert Perske published Circle of Friends.
February 1989 The Robert Wood Johnson completed its five-year study of the effects of P.L.94-142, and concluded that the Education for All Handicapped Children Act was a success, with schools serving 1.9 million children in special education. Yet, over 30 percent of the children spent their entire school day in special classes, and 3.9 percent in separate schools.
Minnesota was selected by the University of Oregon, under the direction of Rob Homer, to provide training and technical assistance on nonaversive behavioral practices.
The Minnesota Governor's Planning Council on Developmental Disabilities issued a Request for Proposals regarding "Increased Accountability, " addressing: individual planning, self-advocacy, and building communities.
The National Center for Youth with Disabilities, Adolescent Health Program at the University of Minnesota, published its first edition of its newsletter. Connections.
March 1989 ARC/Maryland establish "Parents' Bill of Legitimate Expectations, " such as "parents have a right to expect to be a part of their son's or daughter's life, etc.
The Beach Center on Families and Disability, University of Kansas, began to identify and coordinate parent-to-parent organizations in the U.S.
Policy Analysis Paper 26: Supported Employment: Review of the Literature was published by the Council.
April 1989 The Beach Center on Families and Disability, University of Kansas, embarked on a new approach--looking at the positive contributions that people with disabilities make to family and community life.
The state of Maine established an assistive technology loan fund.
May 1989 The publication on Self--Determination was published, where Gunnar Dybwad challenged people with disabilities to influence public policies to bring about dramatic change in our society. 22
May 1989 (Continued) The Villars Foundation reported that "Three out of five Minnesotans eligible to receive Supplemental Security Income (SS1) do not receive it, primarily because they are unaware it exists or that they qualify. "
June 1989 In the case of Johnny Paul Penry, the U.S. Supreme Court (June 26, 1989) held that Penry's mental retardation was relevant to the level of his personal blameworthiness, and his case was returned to Texas courts. Justice Sandra Day O'Connor stated, "At present, there is insufficient evidence of a national consensus against executing (people with mental retardation who are) convicted of capital offenses for us to conclude that it is categorically prohibited by the Eighth Amendment (relating to "cruel and unusual" punishment).
DD Council approved funding of: Advocating Change Together and People First (chapter development); ARC-St. Paul (leisure services); Dakota County Human Services (voucher program); Epilepsy Foundation of Minnesota Training and Placement Services, TAPS); Human Services Research and development Center (Personal Futures Planning); Institute on Community Integration (replicate Parent Case Management Program); Kaposia, Inc. (Career Planning Process); and World Institute on Disability (Partners in Policymaking).
Kay Zwernik reviewed criticism of Special Olympics as a form of segregated practice, as published in Therapeutic Recreation .Journal, by Jack J. Hourcade, Boise State University.
The Minnesota Association of Government Communicators presented the Award of Excellence to Kay Zwernik of the Metropolitan Council for its publication, It's Never Too Early, It Never Too Late.
Proceedings of the Leadership Institute on Community Integration for People with Disabilities was released: From Being In the Community to Being Part of the Community (held November 21-22, 1988, in Washington, D. C.) Recommendations covered community living, families, education, and employment. Concepts stressed: dreaming for the future, interdependence, positive contributions, informal support, empowerment, choice, and friendship.
The Minnesota Governor's Planning Council publishes Read My Lips: It's My Choice, by William T. Allen.
July 1989 The United State Court of Appeals reaffirms Education for All Handicapped Children Act--Timothy W. (New Hampshire) won his right to a free, appropriate. education, regardless of the severity of his disability.
August 1989 The Wisconsin Coalition for Advocacy identified the "Active Treatment Myth," (Lynn Breedlove), a policy which has perpetuated institutionalization of people with severe disabilities, rather than to return them to community settings. 23
September 1989 The Minnesota Association for Guardianship and Conservatorship held its first conference on September 28-29, 1989, at the Ambassador Hotel, St. Louis Park.
October 1989 The American Academy of Pediatrics published Proceedings of a National Conference on Public Law 99-457: Physician Participation in the Implementation of the Law, which highlighted clinical and system levels of involvement.
October 12: Governor Perpich announced that Minnesota would be receiving $500,000 (total of $1,000,000 over three years) grant from NIDRR to develop a statewide system of assistive technology under P.L. 100-407, Technology Related Assistance for Individuals with Disabilities Act.
October 13: Betty Hubbard died leaving a "legacy of challenges" for those who follow.
Betty Pendler (New York) was recorded on videotape at a PACER workshop on Sexuality.
November 1989 Target employee, Dale, tells his story of success as an "out-front" man and winner of the Target "Spirit Award. " Alternatives for People with Autism expands to provide Crisis Respite Care.
December 1989 The National Council on Disability submitted a report to the President and Congress on Special Education--'' Where Do We Stand?": "The time has come to shift the focus to quality and student outcomes. Where only 15 percent of all adults aged 18 and over have less than a high school education, 440 percent of all persons with disabilities aged 16 and over did not finish high school high school. Dropout rate: 25 percent for all students, 36 percent for students with disabilities. PostSecondary participation: 56 percent for all students, 15 percent for students with disabilities. Unemployment rate: 5 percent nationally, 66 percent for Americans with disabilities. Access not enough--more do be done. "
January 1990 The DD Program of the Metro Council completed an evaluation of Personal Futures Planning Project publication: It's Never Too Early, It's Never Too Late documenting high level of readability and increased community participation.
The Twin Cities Society for Children and Adults with Autism released a curriculum: Introduction to Autism.
At the Department of Human Services, Nancy Smith was on board to coordinate respite care services.
Rosemary Dybwad had completed the International Directory of Mental Retardation Resources, Third Edition, 1989. 24
February 1990 Hank Bersani, Community Integration Associates, Manilus, New York highlighted measurements for "building inclusive communities" during the decade of the `90s: "All children will live with families. "
Coalition for integrated education SAFE, Schools Are For Everyone, had been launched, headquartered in Schenectady, New York.
The Disability Advisory Council of the Social Security Administration advised that "government should encourage people with disabilities to work, not give tickets out the workforce.
Anne Henry was collecting supporting evidence to change Medical Assistance Dental Program to assist people needing fixed dental work.
March 1990 Family member representatives aired their needs to OSERS and Assistant Secretary Robert R. Davilla at a Family Leadership Conference, Washington, D. C.--that OSERS involve families in priority-setting and peer-review processes.
The DD Council published its 1993 Report: The Heart of Community is Inclusion. . . calling for system wide accountability and empowering individuals with disabilities toward full inclusion.
April 1990 The Human Services Research Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, issued Family Support Services in the United States: An End of Decade Report (February 1990), to "support and not supplant the family" (Ed Skarnulis, 1979), and "to provide whatever it takes to maintain and enhance the family's capability to provide care at home. " Only 1.5 percent of the total national expenditures for services to people with developmental disabilities was spent in supporting families, or $172 million out of $11.7 billion.
Minnesota joined the University of Iowa to create the Assistive Technology Information Network via toll-free number (1-800-331-1514).
Jeff Strully, Executive Director of ARC-Colorado, shared his story about his daughter and how schools must become inclusive communities.
ARC-US received finding from the Centers for Disease Control to implement an HIV Prevention Program.
May 1990 Frank R. Rusch, et al., studied importance of "natural supports" in supported employment situations.
John Kregal and Paul Wehman reminded those operating supported employment programs that the intent was to serve those with severe disabilities.
Catherine Baudeck, Lois Hollerman, Byron Johnson, David Schwarzkopf, and Patricia Tietz were appointed to the DD Council. 25
June 1990 The United Way of America looked at the decade ahead in What Lies Ahead: Countdown to the 21st Century, forecasting that we are moving from a mass society to a "mosaic society" (an ever-changing kaleidoscope), a redefinition of individual and societal roles, that the family will grow in importance as a stabilizing force, and the rebirth of activism.
The School Integration Project at ICUUAP of Minnesota was funded for three years by the U.S. Department of Education.
The Minnesota Habilitation Coalition called selected people together to discuss system changes needed. One conclusion, however, was that Minnesota has much to celebrate, such as increased individual choice, control, and self-determination.
July 1990 The World Institute on Disability completed its quality of life study in California, concluding that the most basic form of empowerment is to listen to a person and take what they say seriously. People with disabilities said that they want a job, a place live to call their own with privacy, the opportunity to love and be loved, and to recreate and participate in their communities.
Angela Novak Amado wrote about what we are learning about friendships-- the most important thing in life is being cared about.
August 1990 The Minnesota Supported Employment Project, DRS, conducted a cost-benefit study on supported employment under the five-year systems change OSERS grant.
The Portland State University in Oregon initiated the National Clearinghouse on Family Support and Children's Mental Health.
The Minnesota Head Injury Association launched the Community Support Network Program (local support groups).
In his publication, Why Servanthood IS Bad, John McKnight tells about service systems have built on people's deficiencies, and noted how communities build on people's capacities, e.g. "Hey Joe, What's Happening?"
Case Management: Historical, Current, and Future Perspectives, edited by Mary H. Linz, Pat McAnally, and Colleen Wieck was published by Brookline Books (1989).
September 1990 Cornell University Empowerment Group developed a well thought-out definition of "empowerment."
James A. Knoll, Human Research Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, surveyed parents' experience with respite care and concludes that families must become informed consumers. "People become powerful by having experiences that affirm their abilities; people are made powerless through experiences which demean their competencies. " Families know best what will make their life easier, more productive, and secure for their child. 26
September 1990 Dr. Robert Gumnit's user friendly guidebook, Living Well With Epilepsy is published.
The Minnesota Health Care Access Commission hold Public Hearings.
The Metropolitan Council decided to cease publication of Information Exchange, which ended almost a decade of this cooperative venture with the state DD Council. However. . .
October 1990 Futurity was conceived as the newsletter of the Minnesota Governor's Planning Council on Developmental Disabilities.
November 1990 Futurity was delivered, continuing the tradition established by Information Exchange. "What is marvelous about the future is that it belongs to everyone. "
Sacramento, California set precedent in affirming Rachel Holland's right to be educated in a regular classroom, full-time.
December 1990 Cornell University identifies basic underlying assumptions of the empowerment process, i.e., all individuals have strengths, diversity is positively valued, a truly democratic society provides choices and the freedom to exercise those choices, and the deficit model is counterproductive to the empowerment process.
The Communication Center of the State services for the Blind announced that daily newspapers could be "read" over the telephone.
The ICI/UAP started a five-year effort to prevent school dropouts, under a grant from the U.S. Department of Education.
The Social Security Administration announced changes in regulations that would enable 55,000 additional children to receive SS1 benefits.
January 1991 Vermont studied social support a personal satisfaction, concluding that people living in family homes and in semi-independent settings lived richer lives than those living in group homes, yet only 5 percent of all those studied had friends without disabilities--social integration was minimal for persons in every setting.
Council member Pat Tietz received the MNASH Distinguished Parent Award.
The Beach Center on Families and Disability published Policy Analysis and Model Statute on Family Support.
February 1991 The Supreme Court ruled on the case of Brian Zebley case requiring new standards for determining eligibility for children to qualify for Supplementary Security Income under Social Security Administration, as well as to reconsider eligibility of those who had applied since 1980.
New Mexico: The U.S. District Court of New Mexico tie opinion and order 27
in Jackson v. Fort Stanton Hospital and Training School and Los Lunas
February 1991 (Continued) Hospital and Training School. Community placements were ordered for 100 residents, and the state was to plan for hundreds more. Finding: "Placements in institutions often results because the state has not made appropriate alternatives available (in communities). "
It was twenty years ago that Congress declared lead-based paint a health hazard, ordering it stripped from federally subsidized housing, and finally the Department of Housing and Urban Development released a plan to eliminate lead paint in American households. Lead paint was found in 900,000 units of public housing and in 57 million homes.
March 1991 New Hampshire became the first state to claim, "(This state) no longer has an institution for persons with developmental disabilities. " Laconia Developmental Services was closed on January 31, 1991.
Funding was made available for Vietnam and their families by the Agent Orange Class Assistance Program.
Houston County (MN) Group Homes documented success of competency based training for staff, e.g.: staff turnover was reduced from 79 percent to 30.1 percent.
The National Easter Seal Society made loans available for computer assisted technology for persons with disabilities.
"Healthy Roots" Conference highlighted need to prevent Fetal Alcohol Syndrome/Fetal Alcohol Effects.
April 1991 New structures in the way states deliver services were recommended by the Task Force on Developmental Disabilities of the National Conference of State Legislatures. Report (February 1991) covers early intervention, family support, transition, community living, and supported employment.
The Governor's Blue Ribbon Committee on Mentoring and Youth Community Services reported that our young people are our greatest resource.
The first Caregiver Support Forum was sponsored by the Department of Human Services.
May 1991 Jeff Strully observed that youth with diversity, including those with the label of disability, are seldom provided the opportunity to provide leadership.
Robert Bruininks received the Emma M. Birkmaier Professorship in Educational Leadership, College of Education. He was also serving as President of AAMR at this time.
Colorado Committee on Sexuality published Sexuality Rights Protection Policy. 28
May 1991 (Continued) Ohio Health Insurance Task Force of Ohio DD Planning Council asked others to join in the plea: ". . . comprehensive problems require a comprehensive solution--not more tinkering at the edges of a system that cannon be fixed. "
June 1991 Barnes & Noble, the nation's largest bookseller, announced the creation of a "Special Needs Collection, " (as a result of executive vice president Steve Riggio's daughter being diagnosed with Down Syndrome, and had discovered that information was not easily accessible).
Arc Ramsey County published two booklets on integrated recreation, written by Tip Ray, under a DD Council grant.
July 1991 The Minnesota Governor's Planning Council on Developmental Disabilities was transferred to the Department of Administration as a result of the action by the State Legislature: it abolished the State Planning Agency (the designated administering agency for the DD Council since 1971); and then created a new agency called the Office of Strategic and Long Range Planning [which was very difficult to say when answering the telephone].
New York declared the end to the institutional model for people with developmental disabilities, not only because it is not cost effective, but also because all people with developmental disabilities can live in community settings with proper supports. Complete closure anticipated by the year 2000.
The Minnesota Chapter of the Tourette Syndrome Association, Inc.. produced its videotape, Be My Friend.
The Minnesota Legislature revised all education statutes to reflect people first language, children with a disability. (The term, "handicap" was struck out, also).
August 1991 Attorney Anne Henry received the Bernard P. Becker Award from the American Bar Association for her 16 years of service and for her role in Welsch class action suit.
Together Successfully was published by John Rynders and Stuart Schleien (ARC-US, National Office of 4-H and Youth Development), which illustrated how to integrate 4-H activities.
September 1991 A three-year study by the Illinois Department of Rehabilitation documented the success of supported employment--"it benefits all. "
Robert Bruininks was named Dean of the College of Education, University of Minnesota.
October 1991 Scott McConnell was appointed Director of the Institute on Community Integration.
Barbara Kaufman became the Executive Director of ARC Minnesota, leaving her position as Assistant Commissioner of Mental Health, DHS. 29
October 1991 (Continued) Plans were underway by Communitas to publish The whole community Catalog.
November 1991 Robert Perske published Unequal Justice? What Can Happen When Persons with Retardation or Other Developmental Disabilities Encounter the Criminal Justice System.
The DD Council, along with ARC-US, and the Texas DD Council, received a grant from ADD on a national family support project.
The Minnesota Department of Education was awarded a 5-year systems change in transition from school to adulthood. Minnesota was among 12 states selected.
The University of Minnesota and PACER Center initiated "Parents as Teachers" project, which provided direct contacts with families by pediatric interns.
December 1991 Tribute was paid to Timothy M. Cook who had died October 21, 1991. His article about ADA had appeared in Temple Law Review, which he had prepared mostly while in his hospital bed.
The Minnesota Housing Finance Agency was launching a new program, "Fix- Up Fund Accessibility Loan Program.
January 1992 Harris Poll documented marked improvement in general public attitudes about people with disabilities, due largely to movies and TV programs like My Left Foot, Rainman, Born on the Fourth of July, Children of a Lesser God, L.A. Law, and Life Goes On. However, many still felt "pity" toward people with disabilities.
Facilitated Communication was being promoted at Syracuse University and the Adriana Foundation.
February 1992 The Health Task Force of the Consortium for Citizens with Disabilities presented testimony to the Ways and Means Committee (U.S. House of Representatives) on the health reform from a disability perspective, calling for right to health care for all persons, built on five principles: non-discrimination, comprehensiveness, appropriateness, equity, and efficiency.
March 1992 Emergent literacy research documented that literacy learning begins at birth and that written language potential is present in everyone.
Lucy Gwin (This Brain Has A Mouth!) recounts her recovery after brain injury, "Our personalities are "lost in the rush to define our deficits. "
April 1992 Clarence Sundram challenges advocates to make choices real. Minnesota Planning issued Kids Can't Wait: Action for Minnesota's Children, 30
April 1992 (Continued) but little mention was made of children with disabilities, who have been waiting for a long time.
May 1992 National Longitudinal Transition Survey released initial findings (by SRI International, Menlo Park, California): Only 17 percent of the special education students had taken all of their classes in regular settings. Forty-six percent after leaving high school were working in competitive employment.
Readers evaluated Futurity: overall score was 7.7, in a scale from 1 to 10, with 10 the highest.
The University of New Hampshire launched Home Ownership Project, with grant from ADD.
Arthur Weld's (Seattle) testimony about the success of facilitated communication: "I learned to read in school. When they thought I couldn't learn or listen, I could. Will they start to believe that others are listening?"
June 1992 DHS' Medicaid Home and Community Based Services was assessed: quality is generally high, but improvements needed, e.g., awareness and access, consistent policies, expand to racial and ethnic populations. Seek on positive approaches to assuring quality--move from regulation to training and technical assistance.
Institute on Community Integration, U of M, will study effects of waiting lists on families--greatest need families with adult family members with developmental disabilities.
DD Council's Three-Year Plan (1991-1994) published.
July 1992 DD Council schedules Town Meetings in cooperation with the Department of Human Services.
New Council members appointed: Dawn Anderson, Catherine Atneosen, Joanne Bokovoy, Roger Deneen, Paul Kenworthy, Paul Odland, and Kathy Stiemert.
MARF and MNDACA receive $188,000 Bush Foundation training/curricula development grant. "
Lettitia Clay (Texas) shares her 'images of inclusion. ' "Rodney was emancipated from the den of aversives, program plans, and meaningless tasks. He was introduced to the freedom and innocence of just being a child. "
August 1992 Kathy Truax described Leadership for Empowerment Program at the Ridgedale YMCA.
The cost of care rate at RTCS, starting July 1, 1992, was $287.70 per day per person, or $105,010.50 per year. 31
August 1992 (Continued) The Mall of America opened in Bloomington with several accessibility features, e.g.: tram system, electronic convenience vehicles, cellular phones and pager rental, and TDDs.
The Arc and the University of Oregon published SAFE: Stopping AZDS through Functional Education (Curriculum kit).
September 1992 David Braddock completed a national study of staff compensation, turnover, and related issues: "Community direct care wages are consistently low, with some below national poverty level, while state workers receiving 40-60 percent higher wages. More than 70 percent of ICF/MR finding reimbursed states for the operation of public institutions in 1988, serving 91,440 persons; while 126,000 were being served in community facilities.
Russell Mawby, CEO of the Kellogg Foundation, noted that change in the 1990s ("The Decade of the Community") must come from the private philanthropy, and that we must put to better use that which is already known.
The Minnesota Special Education Mediation Service began, promising to cut time and expense for resolving disputes in special education.
Futurity became available on audio cassette.
October 1992 The New American Schools Development Corporation (NASDC) was a private corporation to address educational reform, with one of eleven prototype projects funded in Minnesota: "Community Learning Centers of Minnesota" in Rothsay, North Branch, and St. Cloud School Districts.
A Regional Review Committee provided a status report to the DHS Commissioner on aversive/deprivation practices--that over 600 Minnesotans with developmental disabilities receive aversive and/or deprivation procedures as part of the service plan. Several recommendations were made, e.g. possible overuse of physical restraints.
The Arc produced a campaign kit on prevention of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome/Effects.
The second gathering of caregivers took place as a conference within the International Association for Volunteer Administration in Minneapolis.
November 1992 OSERS reported to Congress that Supported Employment initiative to be a success, with almost 75, 000 persons participating in 1990, among whom 65 percent had mild and moderate levels of mental retardation and 24.4 percent with mental illness.
Howard Blackman, school administrator, outlined lessons learned from inclusive education: "Mainstreaming makes you feel like a visitor. Inclusion makes you feel like part of the family. " 32
November 1992 (Continued) Communitas published the Whole Community Catalogue. Kaposia, inc., received national recognition as being an outstanding integrative employment agency by University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.
December 1992 Tribute was given to Rosemary Dybwad, international leader and champion of self-advocacy. Rosemary died of cancer on November 3, 1992.
Series began on the United Nations' "World Program of Action" recommendations--full participation and equalization of people with disabilities.
January 1993 Minnesotans Speak-Out! was released highlighting needs: individualization, staffing, leadership and bureaucracy, inequity of resources, and community programs and support. This report was based on 12 town meetings and a toll free call-in day. (See July 1992).
Human Services Research Institute, Salem Oregon, documented that families can and do influence public policies and expenditures.
New Jersey closed Johnstone institution (September 1992).
People First of Washington published, No More B. S.: A Realistic Survival Guide for Disability Rights Activists.
The United Handicapped Federation changed its name to "Disability Rights Alliance. " Also, DRAGnet was launched as an international electronic" bulletin board on disability issues.
February 1993 Sharon Patten submitted an evaluation report on the Voucher Project in Dakota County--a bold step toward empowering families at county level.
DD Council's videotape Shifting Patterns was released.
YMCA Youth Leadership Project released award winning videotape documentary, Beyond Boundaries.
March 1993 State Technical College Task Force report on Educational Opportunities for DD Service Providers was "strongly endorsed" by the Minnesota State Board of Technical Colleges. Statewide training system for direct care providers is closer to becoming a reality.
The National Association of State Boards of Education passed a resolution calling for inclusive schools.
April 1993 The DD Council published Shifting Patterns. (This product was a result of the grant on selfdetermination from the Administration on Developmental Disabilities. 33
April 1993 (Continued) Futurity became available on DRAGnet, electronic bulletin board, with approximately 3,000 readers. Also, the mailing list was updated from 3,500 readers to over 5,000. Total readership: 8,000.
May 1993 National study on family support (A. Birenbaum & H.J Cohen, April 1993, "On the Importance of helping families," Mental Retardation) recommended: "If policy makers address the immediate family as the unit that needs services due to a member's disability, then respite services and other family supports would be common rather than the rarity (it is). Empowerment of people with disabilities cannot ignore those who provide day-today care."
June 1993 Ian Pumpian (Professor at San Diego State University) presented to the Minnesota Planning Council and listed certain pitfalls in the Personal Futures Planning process, and emphasized how volunteers can become dependable inclusionary influences in the lives of people with disabilities.
A Report to the 1993 Minnesota Legislature by the State Council on Vocational Technical Education strongly recommended transition planning for all students, including career planning and opportunities for apprenticeships.
July 1993 "Children with Disabilities Family Support Act" was drafted. Governor Arne Carlson made new appointments to the Council: Patricia Am Bums (Grand Rapids), William L. Everett (Minneapolis), Mary L. Golike, (Apple Valley), Norena Hale (St. Paul), Stephen Harrier (Rochester), Thomas Gerald (Jerry) Hayes (Excelsior), Andrew Hommerding (St. Cloud), Karol Johnson (Chanhassen), Debra Niedfeldt (Rochester), and Jerry Pouliot (St. Cloud). In addition, Karen Gorr (Gaylord), Anne Henry (Minneapolis), and Donna Petersen (Minneapolis) were reappointed for second terms.
The Council announced grant decision in the following areas: 1) Youth Leadership, Metro YMCA; 2) Partners in Policy making; 3) Advanced Leadership (Summer Institute and Negotiation Workshops for Partners); 4) Mini-Grants; 5) Conference/Training Grants; 6) Person-Centered Planning; and 7) Publications and Evaluations.
The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit upheld the right of children with disabilities to be included in regular classes in Rafael Oberti v. Board of Education of Clementon, New Jersey.
August 1993 Bill Allen of Allen, Shea, & Associates, California, completed an analysis of quality of life measures throughout the country for the State of Colorado. Three areas should be included in a quality assurance system: life quality, lifestyle, and life value.
Ronald Kaliszewski, staff member, retired.
September 1993 Bob Williams was appointed Commissioner of the Administration on Developmental Disabilities. 34
September 1993 (Continued) Cost of Care per diem rate in Regional Treatment Centers in Minnesota increased to $310, or $113,150 per person annually.
October 1993 Sue Swenson (Minneapolis Partners graduate) testified before Senate Subcommittee on Disability Policy regarding the reauthorization of the Developmental Disabilities Act (on June 29, 1993).
Council publications became more available through a variety of formats, such as: two electronic bulletin boards, audio cassette & and closed captioned videotapes.
November 1993 The National Center on Child Abuse and Neglect documented that children with disabilities are physically abused at twice the rate of other children, sexually abused at nearly twice the rate, and emotionally neglected at almost three times the rate. The study was documented that maltreatment often results in children developing a disability from such abuse/neglect.
U.S. Congress passed the Television Decoder Circuitry Act (P.L. 101-431) mandating that by July 1, 1993 all TV sets manufactured and/or sold in the" U.S. must include a built-in closed caption decoder.
A new name was selected by Services for Children with Handicaps, which became: "Minnesota Children with Special Health Needs (MCSHN)," within the Department of Health.
December 1993 A Harris Poll (June 1993) revealed that while 41 percent of the American people are aware of ADA, only 29 percent of those with disabilities knew about ADA.
The Arc studied Supported employment finding that many states actually foster segregation by placing 82 percent of people with mental retardation in segregated employment services, thus "perpetuating the myth that people with mental retardation are unemployable. "
Budget constraints limited the publication of Futurity to 10 times per year (down from once each month).
The National Institute of Health recommended universal screening for hearing loss of all infants prior to leaving the hospital.
February 1994 Council member Pat Burns was killed in an air disaster near the Chisholm/Hibbing Airport. Pat was returning home after attending a Council meeting on December 1, 1993.
A status report by U.S. Department of Education to Congress on inclusion in schools indicated that in 1990 one-third of the special education students were in general education classrooms most of the time. 35
February 1994 (Continued) A National Home of Your own Alliance was established at the University of New Hampshire under a grant from the Administration on Developmental Disabilities.
March 1994 Vermont closed Brandon Training School (on November 17, 1993), becoming the second state to claim that they had no public institution--all services were provided in community settings.
Report to Legislature by CGC Consulting and Pathfinder Resources recommended extension into Year 5 under Part H on early intervention programs.
April 1994 Public awareness exhibit "When the Bough Breaks" was set up at the State Capitol and at the Parents Expo at the Minneapolis Convention Center. The exhibit with photography by Kira Corser and poetry by Frances Payne Adler addressed the growing problems resulting from parinatal substance abuse, such as Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) and Fetal Alcohol Effects (FAE).
The class action suit against Metro Mobility was settled out of court.
Michigan education report emphasizes need to address quality education of all students while addressing inclusion.
Survey by the Volunteer Connections in Minnesota indicated that close to 75 percent of respondents would be willing to volunteer--if asked.
May 1994 On April 7, 1994, President Clinton signed the reauthorization of the Developmental Disabilities and Bill Rights Act of 1994 (P.L. 103-230).
May 8-14, 1994 was Fetal Alcohol Awareness Week, promoted by The Arc and other organizations.
June 1994 The Institute of Disability and Human Development, University of Illinois at Chicago, released its report on cost analysis on spending for services to persons with developmental disabilities in a national survey. Costs increased 122 percent, from $3.458 billion in 1977 to $17.136 billion in 1992. Seventy-five percent of federal dollars were spent on large congregate care (15+ beds and public institutions), with over half of community services paid by state and local revenues.
Duane Shimpach completed his term as Chair of the Council and announced his acceptance of a position in Flagstaff, Arizona. 36
